Publications

@article{cobbe2021artificial,
  title={Artificial intelligence as a service: Legal responsibilities, liabilities, and policy challenges},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Computer Law \& Security Review},
  year={2021},
  volume={42},
  pages={105573}
}

@article{norval2021towards,
  title={Towards an accountable Internet of Things: A call for reviewability},
  author={Norval, Chris and Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Privacy by Design for the Internet of Things: Building accountability and security},
  year={2021}
}

@article{kuan hon2021cloud,
  title={Cloud Technologies and Services},
  author={Kuan Hon, W and Millard, Christopher and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Cloud Computing Law},
  year={2021}
}

@article{kuan hon2021control,,
  title={Control, Security, and Risk in the Cloud},
  author={Kuan Hon, W and Millard, Christopher and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Cloud Computing Law},
  year={2021}
}

@article{jlee2021risk,
  title={Risk Identification Questionnaire for Detecting Unintended Bias in the Machine Learning Development Lifecycle},
  author={JLee, Michelle and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES)},
  year={2021}
}

@article{singh2021enclaves,
  title={Enclaves in the clouds},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Cobbe, Jennifer and Le Quoc, Do},
  journal={Communications of the ACM},
  year={2021}
}

@article{javadi2021monitoring,
  title={Monitoring AI Services for Accountability},
  author={Javadi, Seyyed Ahmad and Norval, Chris and Cloete, Richard and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES)},
  year={2021}
}

@article{ball-burack2021differential,
  title={Differential Tweetment: Differential Tweetment: Mitigating Racial Dialect Bias in Harmful Tweet Detection},
  author={Ball-Burack, Ari and Cobbe, Jennifer and Lee, Michelle and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT)},
  year={2021}
}

@article{cobbe2021reviewable,
  title={Reviewable Automated Decision-Making: A Framework for Accountable Algorithmic Systems},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Lee, Michelle and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT)},
  year={2021}
}

@article{norval2021towards,
  title={Towards an accountable Internet of Things: A Call for 'Reviewability'},
  author={Norval, Chris and Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Privacy by Design for the Internet of Things. The Institution of Engineering and Technology.},
  year={2021}
}

@article{norval2021data,
  title={Data Protection and Tech Startups: The Need for Attention, Support, and Scrutiny},
  author={Norval, Chris and Janssen, Heleen and Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Policy \& Internet},
  year={2021}
}

@article{lee2021landscape,
  title={The Landscape and Gaps in Open Source Fairness Toolkits},
  author={Lee, Michelle and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={ACM Human Factors in Computing (CHI)},
  year={2021}
}

@article{cobbe2020legal,
  title={Legal Singularity and the Reflexivity of Law},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={Simon Deakin and Christopher Markou (eds.), Is Law Computable? Critical Perspectives on Law \& Artificial Intelligence, Hart},
  year={2020}
}

@article{janssen2020personal,
  title={Personal Information Management Systems: A User-Centric Privacy Utopia?},
  author={Janssen, Heleen and Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Internet Policy Review, 9(4), pp 1 – 15},
  year={2020}
}

@article{janssen2020decentralising,
  title={Decentralising Data Processing. Personal Data Stores and the GDPR},
  author={Janssen, Heleen and Cobbe, Jennifer and Norval, Chris and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={International Data Privacy Law, 10(4), pp 356 - 384},
  year={2020}
}

@article{cobbe2020reviewable,
  title={Reviewable Automated Decision-Making},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Computer Law \& Security Review, 39},
  year={2020}
}

@article{lee2021spelling,
  title={Spelling Errors and Non-Standard Language in Peer-to-Peer Loan Applications and the Borrower’s Probability of Default},
  author={Lee, Michelle and Floridi, Luciano and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Credit Scoring and Credit Control Conference XVII},
  year={2021}
}

@article{cobbe2020algorithmic,
  title={Algorithmic Censorship by Social Platforms: Power and Resistance},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={Philosophy \& Technology},
  year={2020}
}

@article{cloete2020call,
  title={A Call for Auditable Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality},
  author={Cloete, Richard and Norval, Chris and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={In 26th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST)},
  year={2020}
}

@article{cobbe2020centring,
  title={Centring the Rule of Law in the Digital State},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Lee, Michelle and Janssen, Heleen and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={IEEE Computer},
  year={2020}
}

@article{cobbe2020lies,
  title={What Lies Beneath: Transparency in Online Services Supply Chains},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Norval, Chris and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Journal of Cyber Policy, 5:1, 65-93},
  year={2020}
}

@article{javadi2020monitoring,
  title={Monitoring Misuse for Accountable ‘Artificial Intelligence as a Service},
  author={Javadi, Seyyed Ahmad and Cloete, Richard and Cobbe, Jennifer and Lee, Michelle and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES), New York, NY, USA},
  year={2020}
}

@article{lee2020fairness,
  title={From Fairness Metrics to Key Ethics Indicators (KEIs): A Context-Aware Approach to Algorithmic Ethics in an Unequal Society},
  author={Lee, Michelle and Floridi, Luciano and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Under review at the Science and Engineering Ethics Journal},
  year={2020}
}

@article{wagner2020consequences,
  title={Consequences for Manufacturing Transparency? Facebook, Twitter and the German Network Enforcement Act},
  author={Wagner, Ben and Rozgonyi, Krisztina and Sekwenz, Marie-Therese and Singh, Jatinder and Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT)},
  year={2020}
}

@article{janssen2020detecting,
  title={Detecting New Approaches for a Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment to Automated Decision-Making},
  author={Janssen, Heleen},
  journal={International Data Privacy Law, pp 76 – 106},
  year={2020}
}

@article{guszcza2020human,
  title={Human values in the loop: Design Principles for Ethical AI},
  author={Guszcza, Jim and Lee, Michelle and Ammanath, Beena and Kuder, Dave},
  journal={Deloitte Review},
  year={2020}
}

@article{lee2020innovating,
  title={Innovating with Confidence: Embedding AI Governance and Fairness in Financial Services Risk Management Framework},
  author={Lee, Michelle and Floridi, Luciano and Denev, Alexander},
  journal={Berkeley Technology Law Journal},
  year={2020}
}

@article{cobbe2019regulating,
  title={Regulating Recommending: Motivations, Considerations, and Principles},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={European Journal of Law and Technology, 10(3)},
  year={2019}
}

@article{singh2019security,
  title={The Security Implications of Data Subject Rights},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={IEEE Security \& Privacy, 17(6)},
  year={2019}
}

@article{janssen2019personal,
  title={Personal Data Stores and the GDPR's Lawful Grounds for Processing Personal Data},
  author={Janssen, Heleen and Cobbe, Jennifer and Norval, Chris and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Data for Policy at UC},
  year={2019}
}

@inproceedings{norval2019explaining,
  title={Explaining Automated Environments: Interrogating Scripts, Logs, and Provenance Using Voice-Assistants},
  author={Norval, Chris and Singh, Jatinder},
  booktitle={UbiComp/ISWC},
  year={2019},
  pages={332--335}
}

@book{cobbe2019understanding,
  title={Understanding the Smart City: Framing the Challenges for Law and Good Governance},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer and Morison, John},
  publisher={Sciences Po},
  year={2019}
}

@techreport{lee2019ai,
  title={AI and Risk Management: Innovating with Confidence},
  author={Lee, Michelle},
  institution={Deloitte},
  year={2019},
  group={Centre for Regulatory Strategy EMEA}
}

@article{singh2019decision,
  title={Decision Provenance: Harnessing Data Flow for Accountable Systems},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Cobbe, Jennifer and Norval, Chris},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  year={2019},
  volume={7},
  pages={6562--6574}
}

@article{lee2019context,
  title={Context-Conscious Fairness in Using Machine Mearning to Make Decisions},
  author={Lee, Michelle},
  journal={AI Matters},
  year={2019},
  volume={5},
  number={2}
}

@article{norval2019automating,
  title={Automating Dynamic Consent Decisions for the Processing of Social Media Data in Health Research},
  author={Norval, Chris and Henderson, Tristan},
  journal={Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics},
  year={2019}
}

@article{cobbe2019administrative,
  title={Administrative Law and the Machines of Government: Judicial Review of Automated Public-Sector Decision-Making},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={Legal Studies},
  year={2019}
}

@article{quoc2019sgx,
  title={SGX-Pyspark: Secure Distributed Data Analytics},
  author={Quoc, D. and Gregor, F. and Singh, Jatinder and Fetxer, C.},
  journal={The World Wide Web Conference},
  year={2019},
  pages={3564--3563}
}

@article{singh2018accountability,
  title={Accountability in the IoT: Systems, Law, and Ways Forward},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Millard, Christopher and Reed, Chris and Cobbe, Jennifer and Crowcroft, Jon},
  journal={IEEE Computer},
  year={2018},
  volume={51},
  number={7},
  pages={54--65}
}

@article{singh2018blockchain,
  title={Blockchain as a Service (BaaS): Providers and Trust},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Michels, J.},
  journal={European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops},
  year={2018},
  pages={67--74}
}

@inproceedings{norval2018reclaiming,
  title={Reclaiming Data: Overcoming App Identification Barriers for Exercising Data Protection Rights},
  author={Norval, Chris and Cobbe, Jennifer and Janssen, Heleen and Singh, Jatinder},
  booktitle={4th Workshop on Legal and Technical Issues in Cloud and Pervasive Computing (CLaw-18), UbiComp/ISWC 18 Adjunct},
  year={2018}
}

@article{cobbe2018casting,
  title={Casting the Dragnet: Communications Data Retention Under the Investigatory Powers Act},
  author={Cobbe, Jennifer},
  journal={SSRN},
  year={2018}
}

@article{eyers2018towards,
  title={Towards Accountable Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 18181)},
  author={Eyers, D. and Millard, C. and Seltzer, M. and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Dagstuhl Reports},
  year={2018},
  volume={8},
  number={4}
}

@article{diaconu2018comflux,
  title={ComFlux: A Dynamic External Management Regime for Pervasive Applications},
  author={Diaconu, R. and Deng, J. and Bacon, Jean and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops},
  year={2018}
}

@article{lagerspetz et al2018pervasive,
  title={Pervasive Communities in the Internet of People},
  author={Lagerspetz et al, E.},
  journal={International Conference on

Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops},
  year={2018},
  pages={40--45}
}

@article{ bacon2018blockchain,
  title={Blockchain Demystified: A Technical and Legal Introduction to Distributed and Centralised Ledgers},
  author={ Bacon, Jean and Michels, David Johan and Millard, Christopher and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Richmond Journal of Law and Technology},
  year={2018},
  volume={25},
  number={1}
}

@article{pasquier2018data,
  title={Data Provenance to Audit Compliance with Privacy Policy in the Internet of Things},
  author={Pasquier, T. and Singh, J. and Powles, T. and Eyers, D. and Seltzer, M. and Bacon, J.},
  journal={Ubiquitous Comput.},
  year={2018},
  volume={22},
  number={2},
  pages={333--334}
}

@article{kamarinou2017machine,
  title={Machine Learning with Personal Data: Profiling, Decisions and the EU General Data Protection Regulation},
  author={Kamarinou, Dimitra and Millard, Christopher and Singh, Jatinder},
  journal={Journal of Machine Learning Research (ML and the Law Symposium SI)},
  year={2017}
}

@article{singh2017responsibility,
  title={Responsibility \& Machine Learning: Part of a Process},
  author={Singh, Jatinder and Walden, Ian and Bacon, Jean and Crowcroft, Jon},
  journal={SSRN},
  year={2017}
}